Frank Costa, President, Nexgen Protection Services

Shoplifting isn’t always about financial need. Research suggests that opportunity, impulsivity, perceived risk, and situational factors can influence theft behavior.

For protection security professionals, understanding these factors can improve prevention without relying solely on confrontation. Vigilant observation, visible security presence, effective customer-service engagement, and well-designed loss-prevention procedures can help reduce opportunities for theft while maintaining a safe shopping environment.

The goal isn’t to profile people—it’s to recognize behaviors and circumstances that may indicate elevated risk and respond professionally.

A proactive security strategy protects merchandise, employees, and customers while supporting a positive retail experience.

Source: Hayes, R. (1997). Retail security and loss prevention. Wiley.

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